The Egyptian Museum is one of the largest and most famous museums in the world, located in the heart of the Egyptian capital "Cairo" in the north of Tahrir Square. The site dates back to 1835 and was then located in the Azbekiya Park, which included a large number of diverse monuments. It was then transferred to the second exhibition hall of the Citadel of Saladin. The French Egyptian scientist Auguste Mariette, who worked at the Louvre Museum, Of the effects on the Nile coast at Bulaq, and when these effects were exposed to the risk of flooding was transferred to a special annex to the palace Khedive Ismail Giza, and then came the Egyptian scientist Gaston Maspero and opened in 1902 during the reign of Khedive Abbas Helmy II building of the new museum in its current location in the heart of Cairo. The Egyptian Museum is one of the first museums in the world to be established as a public museum, unlike the museums that preceded it. The museum contains more than 150,000 artifacts, the most important of which are the archaeological collections found in the tombs of kings and the royal footnote of the Middle Dynasty in Dahshur in 1894. Now the greatest archaeological collection in the world reflects all stages of ancient Egyptian history.